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exotic-venom:

(Bothrocophias campbelli) Ecuadorian toadheaded viper

Habitat: Found mainly in lower montane wet forests & cloud forests of the highlands of western Ecuador, at 1,300-
2,000 m elevation; among herbaceous plants, shrubs & trees (typically in margins of forest edges or
clearings).
Activity and

Behavior: Mainly nocturnal & terrestrial, usually found on forest floor & near a stream or body of water. Prey mainly
on rodents, lizards, or various other available prey. Captured specimens have been observed to bear 6-
36 live young, each about 18 cm long.

Venom Characteristics: Potent hemotoxic venom, envenomation by 3 closely-related species in this genus have caused human
deaths, frequently cause severe necrosis, & may lead to amputation of human limbs.

Source: exotic-venom

exotic-venom:

(Bothrocophias

colombianus) Colombian toad-headed pitviper

Habitat: Found almost exclusively in lower montane wet forests & cloud forests of the Pacific slopes of the Andes
in western Columbia, at 800-2,000+ m elevation.

Activity and Behavior: Not well known. Mainly nocturnal & terrestrial. Prey mainly on available small mammals, lizards, &
sometimes birds. Closely-related species are all ovoviviparous, but there is one report that this species
lays eggs (& “broods” them).

Venom Characteristics: Not much known. One reported bite by a juvenile of this species caused grade IV envenomation (the
most severe stage), w/ renal complications, thrombosis, & necrosis.