Hey I have a question! I had a snowflake come in to my store with it looked like worms breaching all over his body, and we tried to help remove them buy giving him a fresh water dip and isolating him. The worms were small and blackish and they were all over his body. Would you happen to know what they were and how to go about treatment?

snowflakeeel:

huh that sounds like a pretty nasty case of parasites. I’ve never dealt with that before but i’ll post it in case anyone else has. 

Whatever that is, he needs an anti-parasite medication, pronto. One of the meds that goes in the entire tank and is meant to treat internal worms ought to do the trick. If the freshwater dip made some of the parasites come off, that’s probably worth repeating daily. If not, don’t. 

Could a mind control fungus be bio-engineered?

bogleech:

Well, I guess I should clarify that “mind controlling” parasites are usually a misnomer and a little hyperbolic anyway.

It was believed Cordyceps fungi affected their host’s brains until recently, but then it was proven that they leave the brain entirely intact. Instead, they control the insect’s actual muscles. This is again only possible because an insect has only a couple simple, microscopic muscle strands though, like a few “strings” to manipulate, rather than a larger mammal’s relatively GIGANTIC mass of millions and millions of cells forming thousands of individual muscles.

Parasites that truly alter the host’s mind are only doing so by damaging a single part of it. Target the right point in a mouse’s brain and you just eliminate its fear of predators. Take out certain points in a small fish and you cause it to swim closer to the water’s surface instead of avoiding sea birds.

So what manipulative parasites really do is give the host a single new behavioral “quirk.” It’s pretty much an organism giving another organism a simple mental illness symptom.

The realest equivalent we could ever have to something like Cordyceps or Leucochloridium in humans would probably be indistinguishable from someone gaining a sudden stim behavior or obsessive compulsion and probably no big deal to live with if so many people already do and it still doesn’t turn into an apocalypse or nothin

Toxoplasma, a parasite that makes rats unafraid of predators and is often found in used cat litter, makes infected humans more reckless and may be linked to mental illness. There are estimates that something like 30% of the human population is infected. We certainly haven’t had any sort of apocalypse. 

bogleech:

holy shiiiiit every time I think I’ve seen it all in terms of biology there’s still always something new! Look at DENDROGASTER.

These are parasites found only inside of starfish and they are CRUSTACEANS.

There are many parasitic crustaceans who lose all arthropod anatomy as they mature and come out like just a glob of flesh but I’ve never seen one this ornate!

I’ve read that, if you’re using flea treatments which are applied monthly, you should switch between brands every few months so that the fleas can’t build up a resistance to whatever product you’re using. Is there any truth to this? Say, use brand A for 3 months, then brand B, then back to A?

drferox:

This belief has come from livestock management, where for parasite control (particularly worms) has resulted in drug resistance in many species of worms, so rotating the drugs used based on testing is recommended. Horse owners typically rotate for the same reason, but also because not all anti-parasite products treat all things.

Fleas, to date, haven’t been proven to develop anti-parasite drug resistance. Yet.

There might be some benefit long term (like, 20, 50 years long term) to rotating the flea products you use, but based on their active ingredients rather than the brand. Fipronil, in particular, seems to have this slowly growing reputation for being less and less effective.

The manufacturers want you to use the same brand forever, of course. I’d just like you to use what you’ll remember to use, as the typical pet owner only uses flea control for 6-9 months of the year, and forgets the rest of the time.

Alright, thanks, good to know.