This striking frog is as beautiful as it is rare. The Kerala Hills frog [Melanobatrachus indicus] is a microhylid, and the sole species of its subfamily Melanobatrachinae. Only rediscovered in 1997, this frog is listed as threatened by the IUCN Red List, though very little information on its estimated population has been collected. It’s endemic to the humid evergreen forests of India’s southern states. Images by